關於13星座的來歷與意義

Felicity諾 校對：湮滅 原文&譯文： Ophiuchus - the 13th Sign of the Zodiac? by Dieter Koch 蛇夫座——第十三個星座？ One must never equate Sun signs with fixed star constellations.

絕不要把太陽星座和固定星座等同起來。 Every few years we hear the same old news from critics of astrology, mostly astronomers and physicists who know nothing about astrology. 每隔幾年我們都會聽到一些關於對占星學批判的舊聞，大部分來自於對占星學一無所知的天文學家和物理學家。 They argue that the signs of the zodiac used by astrologers do not correspond to the actual constellations of stars on the sky. They say that the real star constellations have been shifting relative to the astrological signs by nearly one month in the course of the last 2000 years. They explain this with the so-called precession of the equinoxes. 他們的爭論點在於，占星學家所使用的黃道星座並不符合天空中實際星座（校對注：實際天空中的圖案和形象）的情況。他們説，在過去的2000年裏，真正的星座相對於占星學中的星座發生近一個月的偏轉的, 他們用所謂的歲差運動來解釋這一現象。 In addition, they claim that astrologers suppress a 13th constellation, the Serpent Bearer (Ophiuchus), despite the fact that the Sun passes each year through this constellation. 此外，他們宣稱占星學家壓制第十三個星座—— 蛇夫座(Ophiuchus)，儘管事實上太陽每年都會經過這個星座。 These statements are true in a certain sense. But they are based on naïve and incorrect assumptions about the essence and history of astrology, and therefore they miss the target. Those who argue against astrology that way may well understand a bit about astronomy. But they are incompetent regarding astrology and have not done their homework. They speak in the media about something they have never studied. 這些説法在某種意義上是真的。但他們這種看法是基於對占星術歷史及其本質的幼稚和錯誤的假設，並因此錯過了目標。那些通過這種途徑來聲討占星學的人，也許多少了解一點天文學。但是對於占星學他們是不夠格的，而且並沒有做足功課。他們在媒體上淨説一些他們並沒有研究過的東西。 Ptolemy was fully aware of precession 托勒密充分地認識到歲差

Already in the second century C.E. the astrologer and astronomer Ptolemy was fully aware of precession and the issues mentioned above. He knew that the equinoctial points were slowly shifting in relations to the star constellations –by about 1° in the course of a human life span of 72 years (Ptolemy, Almagest VII.2.f). Still, he decided to give up star constellations and to let the zodiac begin with 0° Aries at the spring equinoctial point (Ptolemy, Tetrabiblos 1.10f). Why? He did this in the opinions that the actual constellations of fixed stars were not relevant for astrology, that the sun signs should be fixed at the cardinal points of the Sun's annual path. Aries begins at the spring equinox, Cancer at the summer solstice, Libra at the autumn equinox and Capricorn at the winter solstice. 早在公元二世紀，占星學家、天文學家托勒密就充分地意識到歲差以及上述提出的觀點。他意識到等分點(春分點或秋分點)  在星座之間緩慢移動——每轉動1°相當於人類壽命的72年(Ptolemy, Almagest VII.2.f)。還有，他決定不考慮恆星星座，而是以春分點來重新定義白羊座的開始(Ptolemy, Tetrabiblos 1.10f)。為什麼有這種想法——他這樣做的想法是固定的星座與占星學無關，太陽宮應該固定在太陽路徑的方位基點。白羊座始於春分；巨蟹座始於夏至；天秤座始於秋分；摩羯座始於冬至。
 Modern astrology has remained true to this old tradition. It does not consider constellations of the fixed stars, but divides the zodiac in correspondence to the cardinal points of the seasons. The actual star constellations in the sky are astrologically irrelevant. One must never equate Sun signs (signs of the zodiac) with fixed star constellations. Fixed star constellations are configurations of stars visible in the sky, sun signs however cannot be seen in the sky. They are mathematical divisions of the annual path of the Sun in the sky, of precisely 30° size for each of the 12 parts. 現代占星術一直忠於這個舊的傳統。它不考慮恆星星座，但是區分十二宮與季節基本點的一致。天體中真實的星座與占星學無關. 一個人必須永遠使用固定的太陽星座(黃道十二宮)。恆星星座的構型是在天空中能夠看得見的，而太陽星座卻不能。他們將太陽在天空中每年一次的的軌跡按照數學方式精確地分成每30°一份的十二等分。 If astronomers claim that astrology cannot be true because it does not use the actual star constellations, they claim this in the mistaken belief that astrologers have forgotten where the fixed star constellations are. In fact, every astrologer knows they are different from the astrological zodiac signs. The historical truth few are concerned with lies in the fact that the fixed star constellations received their names from the seasons and from the annual rhythm of the Sun's movement, not the other way around. Where the constellations are found nowadays in the sky is simply irrelevant. The astrologer is only interested in the sun signs, based on the seasons. 如果天文學家生成占星學不可信，是因為它沒有使用真正的星座配置，他們錯誤的認為占星學家們忘記了恆星星座是什麼。事實上，每位占星學家都深知占星學所研究的星座與天文學所研究的星座是不同的。歷史真相併不為人所知——恆星星座的命名來自於季節和太陽每年運動的節奏，而不是其他什麼東西。如今，天空中的星座是在哪裏發現的並不那麼重要了。占星學家唯一感興趣的是基於季節基礎上的太陽星座。 Now what about Ophiuchus, the Serpent Bearer? Because this is also – only – a fixed star constellation, it has no astrological relevance. The Sun passes through it nowadays between 29 November and 17 December, which falls into the astrological sign of Sagittarius. 那麼蛇夫座呢？它僅僅是一個恆星星座，與占星學無關。太陽於11月29日在其經過，並於12月17日離開，落入占星學的射手座。